Galani is situated on the western border of the Kavala Regional Unit, at the western edge of the plain that stretches towards Xanthi. The village is nestled along the eastern banks of the Nestos River, at an altitude of 90 metres. It lies 15km west-southwest of Xanthi, 14km north-northwest of Evralos (the municipal seat), and 40 km northwest of Kavala.
Southeast of the village lies the settlement of Toxotes, with a railway station situated between the two. Further south is the Nestos Bridge and the Xanthi-Kavala National Road, while to the west of the village begin the Straits, or Thracian Tempi, of the Nestos River.
The area is a significant attraction in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, included in the wetland regions of the Natura 2000 network, and designated as a landscape of outstanding natural beauty. It features hiking trails that follow the meandering course of the river. The area also offers organised alternative tourism activities, including hiking, canoeing, horseback riding, mountain biking, bird watching, zip lining, and rafting.